Yes

Vitamin, Water Soluble

Treatment of thiamine deficiency including beriberi, Wernicke's encephalopathy syndrome, and peripheral neuritis associated with pellagra, alcoholic patients with altered sensorium; various genetic metabolic disorders

A/C (if dose exceeds RDA recommendation)

Hypersensitivity to thiamine or any component

Use with caution with parenteral route (especially I.V.) of administration

<1%: Cardiovascular collapse and death, warmth, rash, angioedema, paresthesia

Neuromuscular blocking agents; high carbohydrate diets or I.V. dextrose solutions increase thiamine requirement

Protect oral dosage forms from light; incompatible with alkaline or neutral solutions and with oxidizing or reducing agents

An essential coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism by combining with adenosine triphosphate to form thiamine pyrophosphate

Absorption: Oral: Adequate; I.M.: Rapid and complete

Elimination: Renally as unchanged drug, and as pyrimidine after body storage sites become saturated

Recommended daily allowance:

<6 months: 0.3 mg

6 months to 1 year: 0.4 mg

1-3 years: 0.7 mg

4-6 years: 0.9 mg

7-10 years: 1 mg

11-14 years: 1.1-1.3 mg

>14 years: 1-1.5 mg

Thiamine deficiency (beriberi):

Children: 10-25 mg/dose I.M. or I.V. daily (if critically ill), or 10-50 mg/dose orally every day for 2 weeks, then 5-10 mg/dose orally daily for 1 month

Adults: 5-30 mg/dose I.M. or I.V. 3 times/day (if critically ill); then orally 5-30 mg/day in single or divided doses 3 times/day for 1 month

Wernicke's encephalopathy: Adults: Initial: 100 mg I.V., then 50-100 mg/day I.M. or I.V. until consuming a regular, balanced diet

Dietary supplement (depends on caloric or carbohydrate content of the diet):

Infants: 0.3-0.5 mg/day

Children: 0.5-1 mg/day

Adults: 1-2 mg/day

Note: The above doses can be found in multivitamin preparations

Metabolic disorders: Oral: Adults: 10-20 mg/day (dosages up to 4 g/day in divided doses have been used)

High carbohydrate diets may increase thiamine requirement

Therapeutic: 1.6-4 mg/dL

False-positive for uric acid using the phosphotungstate method and for urobilinogen using the Ehrlich's reagent; large doses may interfere with the spectrophotometric determination of serum theophylline concentration

None reported

None reported

No information available to require special precautions

No effects or complications reported

Take exactly as directed; do not discontinue without consulting prescriber (deficiency state can occur in as little as 3 weeks). Follow dietary instructions (dietary sources include legumes, pork, beef, whole grains, yeast, fresh vegetables).

Single vitamin deficiency is rare; look for other deficiencies

Injection, as hydrochloride: 100 mg/mL (1 mL, 2 mL, 10 mL, 30 mL); 200 mg/mL (30 mL)

Tablet, as hydrochloride: 50 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg

Tablet, as hydrochloride, enteric coated: 20 mg

Doyon S and Roberts JR, "Reappraisal of the "Coma Cocktail": Dextrose, Flumazenil, Naloxone, and Thiamine," Emerg Med Clin North Am, 1994, 12(2):301-16.

Hoffman RS and Goldfrank LR, "The Poisoned Patient With Altered Consciousness. Controversies in the Use of a 'Coma Cocktail'," JAMA, 1995, 274(7):562-9.

Petrie WM and Ban TA, "Vitamins in Psychiatry. Do They Have a Role?" Drugs, 1985, 30(1):58-65.

Proebstle TM, Gall H, and Jugert FK, "Specific IgE and IgG Serum Antibodies to Thiamine Associated With Anaphylactic Reaction," J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1995, 95(5 Pt 1):1059-60.

Reuler JB, Girard DE, and Cooney TG, "Current Concepts: Wernicke's Encephalopathy," N Engl J Med, 1985, 312(16):1035-39.

Stephen JM, Grant R, and Veh CS, "Anaphylaxis From Administration of Intravenous Thiamine," Am J Emerg Med, 1992, 10(1):61-3.

Van Haecke P, Ramaekers D, Vanderwegen L, et al, "Thiamine-Induced Anaphylactic Shock," Am J Emerg Med, 1995, 13(3):371-2.

Wrenn KD, Murphy F, and Slovis CM, "A Toxicity Study of Parenteral Thiamine Hydrochloride," Ann Emerg Med, 1989, 18(8):867-70.