|
| U.S. Brand
Names |
|
| Collyrium Fresh® Ophthalmic [OTC];
Eyesine® Ophthalmic [OTC]; Geneye® Ophthalmic [OTC];
Mallazine® Eye Drops [OTC]; Murine® Plus Ophthalmic [OTC];
Optigene® Ophthalmic [OTC]; Tetrasine® Extra Ophthalmic [OTC];
Tetrasine® Ophthalmic [OTC]; Tyzine® Nasal; Visine®
Extra Ophthalmic
[OTC] |

|
|
| Generic
Available |
|
|
Yes |

|
|
| Synonyms |
|
|
Tetrahydrozoline Hydrochloride; Tetryzoline |

|
|
| Pharmacological Index |
|
|
Adrenergic Agonist Agent; Ophthalmic Agent, Vasoconstrictor |

|
|
| Use |
|
|
Symptomatic relief of nasal congestion and conjunctival
congestion |

|
|
| Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
|
|
C |

|
|
| Adverse
Reactions |
|
|
>10%:
Local: Transient stinging
Respiratory: Sneezing
1% to 10%:
Cardiovascular: Tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension, heart rate
Central nervous system: Headache
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Tremor
Ocular: Blurred vision |

|
|
| Drug
Interactions |
|
|
Increased toxicity: MAO inhibitors can cause an exaggerated adrenergic
response if taken concurrently or within 21 days of discontinuing MAO inhibitor;
beta-blockers can cause hypertensive episodes and increased risk of intracranial
hemorrhage; anesthetics |

|
|
| Stability |
|
|
Do not use if solution changes color or becomes cloudy |

|
|
| Mechanism of
Action |
|
|
Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the conjunctiva
and the nasal mucosa to produce vasoconstriction |

|
|
| Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
|
|
Onset of decongestant effect: Intranasal: Within 4-8 hours
Duration: Ophthalmic vasoconstriction: 2-3 hours |

|
|
| Usual Dosage |
|
|
Nasal congestion: Intranasal:
Children 2-6 years: Instill 2-3 drops of 0.05% solution every 4-6 hours as
needed, no more frequent than every 3 hours
Children >6 years and Adults: Instill 2-4 drops or 3-4 sprays of 0.1%
solution every 3-4 hours as needed, no more frequent than every 3 hours
Conjunctival congestion: Ophthalmic: Adults: Instill 1-2 drops in each eye
2-4 times/day |

|
|
| Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
|
No information available to require special precautions |

|
|
| Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
|
No effects or complications reported |

|
|
| Patient
Information |
|
|
Remove contact lenses before using in eye, do not use for more than 72 hours
unless directed to do so; consult physician if changes in vision or visual
acuity occur; do not exceed recommended dosage |

|
|
| Nursing
Implications |
|
|
Monitor blood pressure, heart rate, symptom response |

|
|
| Dosage Forms |
|
|
Solution, as hydrochloride:
Ophthalmic: 0.05% (15 mL) |

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