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Sulfamethoxazole and Phenazopyridine
Pronunciation
Generic Available
Synonyms
Pharmacological Index
Use
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Contraindications
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Usual Dosage
Dietary Considerations
Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status
Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment
Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Patient Information
Nursing Implications
Dosage Forms

Generic Available

Yes


Synonyms
Phenazopyridine and Sulfamethoxazole

Pharmacological Index

Antibiotic, Sulfonamide Derivative


Use

Treatment of urinary tract infections complicated with pain


Pregnancy Risk Factor

B/D (at term)


Contraindications

Porphyria; hypersensitivity to any sulfa drug or any component


Adverse Reactions

Central nervous system: Confusion, depression, hallucinations, ataxia, seizures, fever, kernicterus in neonates

Dermatologic: Rash, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, epidermal necrolysis

Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, glossitis, stomatitis, diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis

Hematologic: Thrombocytopenia, megaloblastic anemia, granulocytopenia, aplastic anemia, hemolysis (with G-6-PD deficiency)

Hepatic: Serum sickness, hepatitis

Renal & genitourinary: Interstitial nephritis


Drug Interactions

Warfarin, methotrexate


Usual Dosage

Oral: 4 tablets to start, then 2 tablets twice daily for up to 2 days, then switch to sulfamethoxazole only


Dietary Considerations

Should be administered 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal on an empty stomach


Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status

May cause confusion, depression, and hallucinations; sulfonamides reported to cause restlessness, irritability, euphoria, disorientation, panic, and delusions


Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment

Photosensitivity is common; use caution with concurrent psychotropics; may cause leukopenia; caution with clozapine and carbamazepine


Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions

No information available to require special precautions


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

No effects or complications reported


Patient Information

See individual agents. Pregnancy/breast-feeding precautions: Inform prescriber if you are or intend to get pregnant. Consult prescriber if breast-feeding.


Nursing Implications

Urine may be discolored orange-red; when possible, obtain specimens for culture and sensitivity before the first dose; review allergy history


Dosage Forms

Tablet: Sulfamethoxazole 500 mg and phenazopyridine 100 mg


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