|
| U.S. Brand
Names |
|
| AK-Taine®; Alcaine®;
I-Paracaine®; Ophthetic® |

|
|
| Generic
Available |
|
|
Yes |

|
|
| Synonyms |
|
|
Proparacaine Hydrochloride; Proxymetacaine |

|
|
| Pharmacological Index |
|
|
Local Anesthetic |

|
|
| Use |
|
|
Anesthesia for tonometry, gonioscopy; suture removal from cornea; removal of
corneal foreign body; cataract extraction, glaucoma surgery; short operative
procedure involving the cornea and conjunctiva |

|
|
| Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
|
|
C |

|
|
| Contraindications |
|
|
Known hypersensitivity to proparacaine |

|
|
| Warnings/Precautions |
|
|
Use with caution in patients with cardiac disease, hyperthyroidism; for
typical ophthalmic use only; prolonged use not recommended |

|
|
| Adverse
Reactions |
|
|
1% to 10%: Local: Burning, stinging, redness
<1%: Arrhythmias, CNS depression, allergic contact dermatitis, irritation,
sensitization, lacrimation, keratitis, iritis, erosion of the corneal
epithelium, conjunctival congestion and hemorrhage, corneal opacification,
blurred vision, diaphoresis (increased) |

|
|
| Drug
Interactions |
|
|
Increased effect of phenylephrine, tropicamide |

|
|
| Stability |
|
|
Store in tight, light-resistant containers |

|
|
| Mechanism of
Action |
|
|
Prevents initiation and transmission of impulse at the nerve cell membrane by
decreasing ion permeability through stabilizing |

|
|
| Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
|
|
Onset of action: Within 20 seconds of instillation
Duration: 15-20 minutes |

|
|
| Usual Dosage |
|
|
Children and Adults:
Tonometry, gonioscopy, suture removal: Instill 1-2 drops of 0.5% solution in
eye just prior to procedure |

|
|
| Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
|
No information available to require special precautions |

|
|
| Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
|
No effects or complications reported |

|
|
| Patient
Information |
|
|
May slow wound healing; use sparingly, avoid touching or rubbing the eye
until anesthesia has worn off |

|
|
| Nursing
Implications |
|
|
Do not use if discolored; protect eye from irritating chemicals, foreign
bodies, and blink reflex; use eye patch if necessary |

|
|
| Dosage Forms |
|
|
Ophthalmic, solution, as hydrochloride: 0.5% (2 mL, 15
mL) |

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