| U.S. Brand Names |
| Citracal®[OTC] |
 |
| Generic Available |
|
No |
|
| Pharmacological Index |
|
Calcium Salt |
|
| Use |
|
Antacid; treatment and prevention of calcium deficiency or hyperphosphatemia (eg, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, mild/moderate renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, postmenopausal osteoporosis, rickets) |
|
| Pregnancy Risk Factor |
|
C |
|
| Contraindications |
|
Hypercalcemia; renal calculi; ventricular fibrillation |
|
| Adverse Reactions |
|
Mild hypercalcemia (calcium: >10.5 mg/dL) may be asymptomatic or manifest itself as constipation, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting More severe hypercalcemia (calcium: >12 mg/dL) is associated with confusion, delirium, stupor, and coma <1%: Central nervous system: Headache Endocrine & metabolic: Hypophosphatemia, hypercalcemia Gastrointestinal: Nausea, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation Miscellaneous: Thirst |
|
| Drug Interactions |
|
Decreased effect: Calcium citrate may significantly decrease the bioavailability of tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, iron salts with salicylates Large intakes of dietary fiber may decrease calcium absorption due to a decreased GI transit time and the formation of fiber-calcium complexes Increased effect: Calcium citrate may increase the effects of quinidine |
|
| Mechanism of Action |
|
Moderates nerve and muscle performance via action potential excitation threshold regulation |
|
| Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
|
Absorption: From the GI tract requires vitamin D |
|
| Usual Dosage |
|
Oral: Dosage is in terms of elemental calcium <6 months: 360 mg/day 6-12 months: 540 mg/day 1-10 years: 800 mg/day 10-18 years: 1200 mg/day Adults: 1-2 g/day Dietary supplement: Usual dose: 500 mg to 2 g 2-4 times/day |
|
| Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status |
|
May cause confusion and delirium (as a consequence of hypercalcemia) |
|
| Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment |
|
None reported |
|
| Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
|
| Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
No effects or complications reported |
|
| Patient Information |
|
Chew tablets well, followed by water; do not take calcium supplements within 1-2 hours of taking other medicine by mouth or eating large amounts of fiber-rich foods; do not drink large amounts of alcohol or caffeine-containing beverages or use tobacco |
|
| Nursing Implications |
|
Monitor serum calcium |
|
| Dosage Forms |
|
Elemental calcium listed in brackets Effervescent: 2376 mg [500 mg] |
|
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