Yes

Respiratory Stimulant; Stimulant

Central nervous system stimulant; used in the treatment of idiopathic apnea of prematurity. Has several advantages over theophylline in the treatment of neonatal apnea, its half-life is about 3 times as long, allowing once daily dosing, drug levels do not need to be drawn at peak and trough; has a wider therapeutic window, allowing more room between an effective concentration and toxicity.

B

Hypersensitivity to caffeine or any component

>10%:

Central nervous system: Insomnia, restlessness, agitation, irritability,

Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, gastric irritation

CYP1A2, 2E1, and 3A3/4 enzyme substrate

Increased effects/levels of caffeine: Cimetidine, oral contraceptives, disulfiram, phenylpropanolamine, quinolones

Increased effects/levels of theophylline, beta-agonists (increased positive inotropic and chronotropic effects)

Apnea of prematurity: Oral:

Maintenance dose: 5-10 mg/kg/day as caffeine citrate (2.5-5 mg/kg/day as caffeine base) once daily starting 24 hours after the loading dose. Maintenance dose is adjusted based on patient's response, (efficacy and adverse effects), and serum caffeine concentrations.

I.V. push over 3-5 minutes; maximum concentration: 10 mg/mL

May cause anxiety, restlessness, agitation, and insomnia

None reported

No information available to require special precautions

No effects or complications reported

Monitor serum caffeine concentrations, blood pressure, heart rate

Injection: 3 mL vials containing 20 mg/mL (total of 60 mg) caffeine citrate (equivalent to 10 mg/mL caffeine base)